Something else is getting in the way here - and that thing is air resistance (also known as aerodynamic drag). The acceleration of the pencil is noticeably greater than the acceleration of the piece of paper, which flutters and drifts about on its way down.
Hold them at the same height above a level surface and drop them simultaneously. Free fall occurs whenever an object is acted upon by gravity alone. When this happens, an object may be falling, but it is not in free fall. Light objects accelerate more slowly than heavy objects only when forces other than gravity are also at work. The two quantities are independent of one another. "What are the factors that affect the acceleration due to gravity?" Mass does not affect the acceleration due to gravity in any measurable way. Although this may seem true on first inspection, it doesn't answer my original question. That is, heavy objects fall fast and light objects fall slow. What are the factors that affect this acceleration due to gravity? If you were to ask this of a typical person, they would most likely say "weight" by which they actually mean "mass" (more on this later).
If it wasn't, it would have continued moving away from you in a straight line. Even the object tossed straight up is falling - and it begins falling the minute it leaves your hand. Your object was accelerating because gravity was pulling it down. In each of these examples the acceleration was the result of gravity. Since acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with time and velocity is a vector quantity, this change in direction is also considered acceleration. This time throw it horizontally and notice how its horizontal velocity gradually becomes more and more vertical. Pick up your battered object and launch it one last time. But acceleration is more than just changing speed.Decreasing speed is also considered acceleration. On the way up its speed will decrease until it stops and reverses direction. Pick up this same object and toss it vertically into the air. But acceleration is more than just increasing speed.The longer it falls the faster it travels. When you release it from your hand, its speed is zero. Pick something up with your hand and drop it.
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